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Hypoxia / Anoxia

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Hypoxia / Anoxia

Definition : Decrease oxygen level in blood or inadequate supply of oxygen to the tissues by the blood are known as Hypoxia.

Causes : 
  1. Oxygen tension in arterial blood.
  2. Oxygen carrying capacity of blood.
  3. Velocity of blood.
  4. Utilization of oxygen by the cell.
Classification :

1. Hypoxic hypoxia / Arterial hypoxia:  low oxygen tension in arterial blood.

2. Anemic hypoxia : low oxygen content of blood due to...
               I. Lack of Hb.
              II. CO poisoning. 

3. Stagnant hypoxia / Hypokinetic hypoxia:  decrease rate of blood flow due to its velocity.

4. Histotoxic hypoxia : tissue are unable to use oxygen.

Effects of hypoxia:

1. On nervous system - 
     i. Dullness.
     ii. Dizziness.
    iii. Confusion.
    iv. Convulsion.

2. On digestive system:
    i. Nausea.
   ii. Vomitting.
  iii. Vertigo.
   iv. Loss of appitite.

3. On circulatory system:
    i. Increase heart rate.
   ii. Increase cardiac output.
  iii. Increase blood pressure.
   iv. Cyanosis.

4. On respiratory  system: 
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