Skip to main content

Acute Peptic Ulcers

Peptic Ulcers

Definition : Peptic ulcers are the areas of degeneration and necrosis of gastrointestinal mucosa exposed to acid peptic secretions. They occur most commonly (98-99%)  in either the duodenum or the stomach in the ratio 4:1. It may be acute or chronic.


Acute Peptic Ulcers / Acute Stress Ulcers 

Definition : Acute peptic ulcers are multiple, small mucosal erosions, seen most commonly in the stomach but sometime involve duodenum also.


Etiology : Most common cause of ulcers are stress -
1. Psychological stress
2. Physiological stress - 
  • Shock
  • Severe trauma
  • Septicemia or sepsis
  • Extensive burns (Curling's ulcers in the posterior aspect of the first part of the duodenum)
  • Intracranial lesions ( Cushing's ulcers developing from hyper-acidity due to excessive vegal stimulation) 
  • Drug intake (aspirin, steroids, butazolidine, indomethacin)
  • Local irritants (alcohol, smoking, coffee )

Pathogenesis :

  1. Mucosal digestion from hyper-acidity (important factor).
  2. Protective gastric mucus barrier may be damaged.



MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES 

Grossly : Multiple ulcers (more than 3 ulcers in 75% cases) present in stomach but most common in the first part of duodenum. Ulcers are oval or circular in shape, usually less than 1 cm in diameter.

Histologically : Stress ulcers are -

  1. Shallow and do not invade the muscular layer.
  2. Margin and base show some inflammatory reaction depending upon the duration of ulcers.

COMPLICATIONS
  1. Haemorrhage.
  2. Perforation.



Related Posts - 
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Please do not enter any spam link in the comment box

Popular posts from this blog

Histology text & Atlas by Brijesh kumar

Histology text & Atlas by Brijesh kumar Download book pdf About file:- File type - pdf File size - 26.35 MB Pages - 392 Language - English 
Post a Comment
Read more

Lysosomes

Name :- Lysosomes, garbage system of the cell, suicidal bag of the cell Properties : These are membrane bound vesicular structures founds throughout the cytoplasm. These are formed by the process of packaging in the golgi apparatus. Enzymes of lysosomes are synthesized in rough endoplasmic reticulum. Among the organelles, the lysosomes have the thickest covering membrane that is formed by a bilayered lipid material . Lysosomes have 50 different hydrolytic enzymes, known as acid hydroxylases. Types of Lysosomes : Primary lysosomes, this is an inactive of form of lysosomes. Secondary lysosomes, this is an active form of lysosomes (lysosomes active during phagosome or endosome and at this time lysosomes pH become acidic and enzymes are activate). Lysosomal Enzymes :   Proteases :- which hydrolyze the proteins into amino acids. Lipases :- which hydrolyze the lipids into fatty acids and glycerides. Amylases :- which hydrolyze the polysaccharides into glucose. Nucleases :- whi
Post a Comment
Read more

Practical Medicine (P. J. Mehta's)

Practical Medicine (P. J. Mehta's) 20th edition CONTENTS PART-1 CLINICAL CASES 1. History Taking and Symptomatology 2. General Examination 3. Abdomen 4. Respiratory System 5. Cardiovascular System 6. Central Nervous System PART-2 TABLE-WORK 7. Medical Emergencies 8. Electrocardiography 9. Radiology 10. Instruments 11. Procedures 12. Hematology 13. Clinical Pathology 14. Pathology Specimens 15. Drugs ABOUT BOOK Name Book Practical Medicine (P. J. Mehta’s) Author/ Editior (20 th edition) SP Mehta, SR Joshi, Nihar P Mehta / Dr. Hardik shah, Dr. Sunita Iyer, Dr. Nikesh Jain, Dr. Rajiv Shah. Type pdf. Size 69.47 MB Pages 630 Pages type Colored Quality (Good/average/bad) Good D ownload Now Similar Posts :- 1.  Park’s Textbook of PSM 2.  Review of Preventive and Social Medicine (Vivek Jain) 3.  Medicine (Exam Preparatory
Post a Comment
Read more