Cholera
CHOLERA Synonymous – Father of public health Definition – It is an acute bacterial diarrhoeal disease caused by vibrio cholera, the cases may be asymptomatic to severe. Symptomatic cases are charecterised by sudden onset of acute diarrhea followed by vomiting to severe dehydration or muscular cramps and death. Diarrhoea first, then after rice water vomiting occur. V. Cholerae Key facts – ü Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated. ü Researchers have estimated that each year there are 1.3 million 4.0 million cases of cholera, and 21,000 – 143,000 deaths worldwide due to cholera. ü Up to 80% of cases can be successfully treated with oral rehydration solution (ORS). ü Severe cases will need rapid treatment with intravenous fluids and antibiotics. ü Safe oral cholera vaccines should be used in conjunction with improvements in water and sanitation to control cholera outbreaks and for prevention in areas k